Creation of demand for sustainable sanitation

Sub step 2: Awareness raising campaigns targeting stakeholders

Awareness raising is a strategy to develop drivers for sanitation within a community. It aims to bring different stakeholders in the process of planning and implementing sanitation, in order to incorporate those actors who are conventionally left outside the decision-making process.

To raise awareness of sustainable sanitation is to promote its visibility and credibility within a community or society. It is also the process of informing and educating people to “elevate the level of knowledge” about the different sanitation options, with the intention of influencing their attitudes, behaviours and beliefs towards the achievement of implementing a sustainable sanitation system in their community. The ultimate goal of a sanitation awareness raising programme is to achieve such a degree of understanding and motivation that the members of the community can participate in the decision making process at a more informed level and that they participate in the realisation of the decisions taken.

An effective awareness-raising campaign strategy will employ a variety of different communication approaches and techniques to ensure that the central message is received and understood by a diverse audience. These awareness raising campaigns demand time and financing, therefore, there should be adequate support for planning, promoting and performing these activities. Such support will include fund raising, monitoring and networking. Once the support has been acquired, an effort should be made to promote the sustainable sanitation approach to all stakeholders.

Examples of awareness raising activities

  • Talks and monitored discussions to promote hand washing with soap.
  • Workshops: members of the community are invited to workshops where they learn about the importance and need for proper sanitation, as well as possibilities for yield increases when safely reusing plant nutrients from the sanitation system.
  • Community activities, such as games or competition for children, could be organised to present and discuss issues on sanitation.
  • Popular event to launch the project by an official (Minister, Major, Parliamentary, etc.).
  • Essay competitions could be organised in schools where students are invited to write about the need for proper sanitation.
  • Plots could be set up, where the effects of fertiliser application with safe plant nutrients from the sanitation system are demonstrated. The plots can be set up at a school, community centre or other suitable place.
  • Crop production competitions (largest yield, largest pumpkin or similar) can be organised at schools or in the community as a whole.
  • Tasting events, i.e. events where the members of the community are offered the possibility to see, touch and taste crops produced with safe plant nutrients from the sanitation system.
  • Posters containing information about sanitation could be placed in town centres and markets.
  • Flyers could be distributed.
  • Photo exhibitions highlighting good and bad sanitation practices.
  • Promotion in local radio stations with talk shows (call-ins) and other publicity.
  • Promotion among the private sector (private companies) to sponsor events.
  • Establishing learning alliances for sharing and spreading sanitation information.
  • Lobbying with religious and socio-cultural leaders.
  • Study case of successful implementation of sustainable sanitation, presented orally and preferably illustrated also by photos/poster.

To raise awareness for sustainable sanitation also means to create demand for reusing the nutrients, water and energy contained in the sanitation products. Therefore, it is important that the users and other stakeholders understand from the beginning the implications of reusing wastewater, urine, compost, etc., particularly the treatment processes and logistics involved in the transport and application in the agricultural fields.

In small communities located in rural areas it might be possible to apply the products directly in the family gardens and nearby fields, which means that the community members should not only comprehend but also accept the time implications and the efforts needed in the reuse.

In dense peri-urban areas, it is not always possible to have a community approach for the management of the reuse step, which makes necessary to think holistically about the emptying, transport, treatment and application services needed for the reuse. In this case, all the stakeholders should be informed about the possible financial implications of maintaining and operating these systems with such a high manpower requirement.

Library of tools for designing a strategy for communication with stakeholders

Library of tools for designing an awareness raising campaign