For all steps
Non-technical requirements
Stakeholder aspects
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| All local stakeholder groups (i.e. individuals, organisations, institutions, etc.) have been identified by means of a stakeholder analysis. | x | ||||||
| Opinion leaders such as religious and traditional leaders, comedians (artists), women and youth associations, etc. and their implication to trigger participation of all users/stakeholders have been identified. | x | ||||||
| Differences in gender roles in decision-making and operation/maintenance of sanitation systems have been recognized. | x | x | |||||
| Participation/involvement of all stakeholder groups has been triggered and teams (including key stakeholders) have been put in charge of certain project steps. | x | ||||||
| Local, national and/or international experts (individuals, organisations, institutions, etc.) implementing (i.e. planning, designing, building and O&M) large-scale sustainable sanitation schemes in West Africa (and abroad) have been identified and are linked to the activities. | x | ||||||
| International stakeholders have been streamlined to the national sanitation strategy. | x | ||||||
| An official and mutually accepted decision on the planning/project area and its boundaries has been taken. | x | ||||||
| Stakeholders have participated in workshops/discussions to identify local concerns and priorities in the broader context (beyond sanitation). This is done so that demand raising activities and system planning can be adapted to the local situation and adjusted to match with the primary concerns of the people. | x | ||||||
| Demand for sustainable sanitation has been created. | x | ||||||
| Social preferences and traditional beliefs associated with sanitation practices (religious, traditional or superstitious beliefs and taboos) have been identified. | x | ||||||
| Affects of the proposed interventions on daily activities and socio-cultural roles within the community have been assessed. | x | ||||||
| The capacity, skills and the knowledge to be developed have been evaluated for each stakeholder group. | x | ||||||
| A comprehensive status assessment report covering topics such as: geographic, demographic and environmental issues; the social and economic situation; laws, policies, national strategies and the institutional framework; excreta, greywater and solid waste management/disposal practices; health and hygiene practices; environmental, institutional and financial issues; agricultural activities and crop production in the project area ; etc. has been prepared. | x | ||||||
| Acceptance for new systems and how the systems will be adapted to social conditions has been assessed. | x | ||||||
| The position, needs, demands and general expectations of all stakeholder groups regarding sustainable sanitation concepts have been determined and taking into account in the pre-selection of feasible sanitation concepts. | x | ||||||
| User needs and priorities with respect to other issues then sustainable sanitation have been identified. | x | ||||||
| All stakeholders have been provided sufficient information on possible sustainable sanitation concepts to go for an informed choice for their sanitation scheme. | x | ||||||
| Stakeholders have decided on their sustainable sanitation scheme. | x | ||||||
| Future users of the sanitary facilities have been provided the opportunity to contribute in the implementation of their sanitation facilities. | x | ||||||
| User of the sanitary facilities and recyclates are guided in the use of sanitary facilities and the application of recyclates, respectively. | x | ||||||
| A scheme for regular self-monitoring and evaluation has been established and is followed by all stakeholders. | x |
Financial aspects
| Financial aspects | |
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| Financial institutions have been identified and contacted. | x | ||||||
| The local body responsible for implementing the sustainable sanitation project has been provided skills in mobilizing and use of funds. | x | ||||||
| Financial means for conducting awareness raising campaigns and capacity building activities are approved. |
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| Financial means for conducting an assessment of the present sanitation situation and the settlement status is approved. | x | ||||||
| Basic financial information on current costs for sanitation has been assessed and potential sources of funding for capital investment identified. | x | ||||||
| A budget for the implementation of the sustainable sanitation scheme has been approved. | x | ||||||
| Site-specific costs for sustainable sanitation concepts have been determined. |
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| A suitable financing and funding scheme has been established. | x | ||||||
| Financial mechanisms that support O&M of the sustainable sanitation scheme have been identified and/or established. |
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| A billing and collection system for the sustainable sanitation scheme has been put in place. | x | ||||||
| Regularly review and adjust the financing system is included in the monitoring & evaluation step. | x |
Economic aspects
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| Good understand of local economic situation (sources of income, monetary and non-monetary flows) and how it can be linked to sanitation issues has been reached. | x | ||||||
| Existing production activities (agriculture, industry, trade, etc.) have been identified and assessed in order to evaluate local economy and reuse potential for productive agriculture and income generation. | x | ||||||
| Mapping out of enterprises in (water and) sanitation sector has been done. | x | ||||||
| Determine the yearly calendar of work and social life in the community, as it can be used to infer the seasonal changes in labour supply, cash and water use. | x | ||||||
| Current expenditures on sanitation and willingness and ability of users to pay for a certain/higher level of service have been evaluated. | x | ||||||
| Cost analysis of pre-selected sustainable sanitation systems has been prepared (investment costs, running costs, revenues, etc.). | x | ||||||
| Conduct an economic feasibility assessment to evaluate long-term project viability based on cost estimates, projected operation and maintenance costs, community willingness to pay, the need for outside resources, and the availability of outside funding. | x | ||||||
| A “supply side” covering construction of sanitation systems, service provisions, and crop production has been fully developed. | x | ||||||
| Markets for organically grown agricultural produce (i.e. produce irrigated and fertilized with recovered and treated domestic wastewater and/or certain flow streams) has been established. | x | ||||||
| Small, medium and large-size local enterprises provide required sanitary wares and sell them to SME for installation purposes. | x |
Environmental and health aspects
| Environmental and health aspects | |
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| A hygiene and sanitation promotion programme (targets, types of sanitation facilities to promote, operation and maintenance, hygiene promotion, reuse issues, promotion of private sector to provide services including the promotion of sanitation) has been elaborated and implemented. | x | ||||||
| Environmental concerns of all stakeholders have been identified. | x | ||||||
| Existing sanitation systems have been evaluated with respect to public health and environment. | x | ||||||
| Potential and actual environmental impacts of the proposed sustainable sanitation concepts (impacts on: natural resources, soil fertility, energy consumption, water resources, climate change, etc.) have been assessed. | x | ||||||
| Benefits through safer environment, better health, job creation, enhanced agricultural productivity, promotion of SMEs, etc. have been analysed. | x | ||||||
| Monitoring program in place for waste discharges, natural resources protection, and material use, paying special attention to secondary environmental impacts that were not anticipated in project planning. | x | ||||||
| Explore alternative plans for reducing the use of consumables, including replaced parts and energy or fuel consumption (batteries, fuel products, plastics, chemicals), and implement them where appropriate. | x |
Political & policy aspects
| Political & policy aspects | |
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| Local decision makers have been empowered (in particular the economic independence of local level in decision making). | x | ||||||
| Communication between local, regional and central government administration has been improved. | x | ||||||
| Policy on sanitation promotes implementation of sustainable sanitation. | x |
Legal and institutional aspects
| Legal and institutional aspects | |
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| Recognition of need of assistance (There should be a clear need for assistance before any meaningful project can be established, as this would make the users fully involved). | x | ||||||
| Understanding the processes for formalizing communities so that they can participate in the project’s activities. | x | ||||||
| Understanding of the standards/codes/by-laws and regulation. Limitations and opportunities within the existing legal framework. | x | ||||||
| A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed by community representatives and representatives of other stakeholder groups to confirm their support for the project intervention. | x | ||||||
| Institutions having the legal responsibility for promoting sanitation have been identified. | x | ||||||
| A planning team within the local structures responsible for sanitation issues (municipal/district level) has been formed and is institutionally hosting the project. | x | ||||||
| Communication lines have been established between stakeholders (existing NGO, government, institutions and community partners). | x | ||||||
| Local and regional bodies responsible for sanitation and hygiene promotion have the capacity (incl. available human, financial and technical resources to carry out suggested activities) to develop and implement a program for demand creation/awareness building and hygiene promotion. | x | ||||||
| Distinct roles and responsibilities between central authorities and local authorities have been identified and distinct (“decentralization”). | x | ||||||
| Institutional strengthening (in the context of incorporation of sustainable sanitation activities in existing structures and programmes) was done. | x | ||||||
| Specific skills (e.g. construction companies, social workers, etc.) in the project area that might be interested to actively participate in the project have been identified. | x | ||||||
| Local platforms have been identified/established for addressing water and sanitation issues. | x | ||||||
| Sustainable sanitation is part of municipal priority (municipal development plan) and national government priority (Part of national policy and strategy). | x | ||||||
| Local standards on the reuse of liquid fertilizer and/or treated wastewater for agricultural reuse are derived from field tests. | x | ||||||
| Scientific research provides for background for the amendment of existing codes and regulations regarding effluent standards and/or reuse/application of recyclates and/or treated wastewater. | x | ||||||
| Consistency of proposed project with regionally identified development priorities and plans (PRSP, SWap, etc) has been checked. | x |
Training, education, sensitization and dissemination
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| A “Start-up” workshop for triggering participation of all stakeholder groups, defining project boundaries and the detailed and comprehensive explanation of the NETSSAF planning approach has been conducted. | x | ||||||
| IEC analysis as described in Chapter 3.8 performed. | x | ||||||
| Different forms of site-specific instructional and promotional material to meet the needs of stakeholders such as participating households, neighbourhood/community organisations and leaders, small contractors have been developed. | x | ||||||
| Training material has been translated into local languages. | x | ||||||
| Health education has been integrated into sustainable sanitation planning to maximise benefits. | x | ||||||
| Sanitation campaigns have been coordinated with health and environmental authorities, local radio stations and theatre groups, etc. | x | ||||||
| Training packages on management, technology, finance and conflict management that are appropriate to the given environment have been developed. | x | ||||||
| Education and training centres (e.g. schools, universities, etc.) have been identified and mapped. The respective institutions have been evaluated of their capacity and needs in terms of training of trainers in sustainable sanitation. | x | ||||||
| Course plans for workshops and specialized training courses (“master trainers”) at different stakeholder levels have been prepared. | x | ||||||
| Short training courses for professionals have been established and professionals are educated on standard designs. | x | ||||||
| Means and ways for capacity building/institutional reinforcement activities have been identified. | x | ||||||
| Demand creation and awareness building activities and practical education have improved the knowledge about sanitation and hygiene issues amongst the population in the project area. | x | ||||||
| Increased awareness about the linkages of sanitation, hygiene, personal health and living conditions has raised demand for sanitary infrastructure and services amongst the local population. | x | ||||||
| Mass media campaigns (e.g. postages, etc.) for sensitization are conducted. | x | ||||||
| A workshop for authorities, users, re-users and service providers has been conducted to identify the desired functions of the sanitation system. | x | ||||||
| Demonstration units/plants and reuse sites have been installed and are operated. | x | ||||||
| All stakeholders have a good understanding on the principles of sustainable sanitation, are aware of the range of possible concepts and have the possibility to test/use some of the optional system components. | x | ||||||
| Demonstration gardens for the reuse of sanitized flow streams have been installed and local organisations (i.e. private companies, NGOs, colleges, universities, etc.) are doing research on the effect of liquid fertilizer and/or treated wastewater on crop production. | x | ||||||
| User community is provided sufficient information (i.e. advantages, disadvantages, costs, O&M aspects, etc.) on all sanitation scheme of relevance to conduct an informed choice on their sustainable sanitation scheme. | x | ||||||
| Advisory/educational system to promote reuse practices has been established. | x | ||||||
| Small and medium enterprises are able to install, maintain and repair as well as commercialise recyclates (i.e. compost and urine) as natural fertilizer to the agricultural sector. | x |